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SHARK-NIR Commissioning Plan (SHARK-NIR-INAFP-COM-001 Issue 0.2)

Issue Change Record

Issue No.	Date	Section Affected	Reasons / Remarks	Initials
0.1	02-Feb-2021	All	New document	KRA
0.2	24-Apr-2021	All	updates in Phase 3 and 4, change in duration	KRA
0.3	14-Jan-2022	All	Minor corrections and additions	KRA

Applicable Documents

No.	Title	Number & Issue
AD1	SHARK-NIR Schedule	SHARK-NIR-INAFP-SCH-001 Issue 1.3
AD2	SHARK-NIR SHINS Interface Control Document	SHARK-NIR-INAFP-ICD-002 Issue 0.4
AD3	SHARK-NIR Installation Plan	SHARK-NIR-INAFP-MAN-001 Issue 2.0
AD4	SHARK-NIR Calibration Procedures	SHARK-NIR-INAFP-MAN-004 Issue 0.2
AD5	SHARK-NIR System Design Analysis	SHARK-NIR-INAFP-SDA-001 Issue 1.0
AD6	SHARK-NIR Cryostat Procedures	SHARK-NIR-SO-MAN-001 Issue 0.4 draft
AD7	SHARK-NIR Science Cases	SHARK-NIR-INAFP-SCI-001 Issue 0.1
AD8	SHARK-NIR Integration & Commissioning Schedule	SHARK-NIR-INAFP-SCH-002 Issue 1.0 (not released yet)
AD9	Observing Blocks Template Manual	SHARK-NIR-INAFP-MAN-002 Issue 0.1 (not released yet)

Introduction

This commissioning planning document lays out and details the activities needed to bring SHARK-NIR online for single-eye shared-risk scientific exploitation (the binocular observations with SHARK-VIS or trinocular with SHARK-VIS & LBTI are out of the scope of this commissioning plan). The document incorporates activities starting from the unpacking of the boxes at the LBT mountain bay to the early science (or science verification) at its final destination on the LBT platform. Although called the commissioning document, it lists the pre-commissioning, commissioning, and science verification activities. The activities are classified into four phases. Phase 1 and 2 are purely daytime activities. Phase 3 and 4 are nighttime activities (with little daytime activity anticipated). It is to be noted that Phase 3 activities are classified into observing cases (OC#, see the table below) and not according to the observing modes (direct imaging, coronagraphic imaging, long-slit spectroscopy) anymore. This allows commencing Phase 4 (science verification) of those observing cases immediately after the completion of the respective Phase 3 commissioning run. See below for more details.

Phase 1: We start by inspecting the boxes at LBT mountain bay, unpacking, and installing the instrument at the mountain lab (clean room) for alignment verification and functionality checks. All of these are daytime activities. This forms the content of the PSR-09 Preliminary Laboratory Integration & Test (I&T) Procedure (at LBT). [Pre-commissioning: Unpack, assemble, and clean-room verification]

Phase 2: The activities start from the installation of SHARK-NIR at the SX central bent Gregorian focus of LBT, followed by preliminary functional checks, aligning SHARK-NIR to the telescope (daytime), and daytime closed dome engineering/technical testing. All of these are daytime activities. [Pre-commissioning: Installation, functional checks, and closed-dome testing]

Phase 3: Phase 3 commences the nighttime commissioning, starting from sending preset to the telescope to testing individual SHARK-NIR observation modes for performance to the total SHARK-NIR performance. The final form of the SHARK-NIR software, observing blocks, data-reduction pipeline, etc., will be tested for all the observing cases of the instrument. All the activities are nighttime. However, some daytime activities may be anticipated as well. There will be a common run (Run 1) to test the basic common requirements for each of the observing cases. Run 2-5 blocks represent the nighttime technical commissioning of a set of 17 observing cases. After the completion of each of these runs, SHARK-NIR will be ready for Phase 4 (science verification) of the respective observing cases. [Commissioning]

Phase 4: SHARK-NIR is ready for the final phase of the commissioning - the early science (or science verification) observations. The final performance of the SHARK-NIR will be analyzed using the data from this run. All the activities are nighttime. By the end of this phase, SHARK-NIR is ready for single-eye shared-risk scientific exploitation. [Early Science or Science Verification]

Observing Cases

Three observering modes of SHARK-NIR, namely direct imaging, coronagraphic imaging, long-slit spectroscopy, are classified into observing cases for the purpose of the commissioning. The observing cases are all the combinations of individual science observing possibilities using various coronagraphs and modes. We have 17 of them tabulated below.

#	Observing Case
OC1	Direct imaging - pupil stabilized
OC2	DBI - Direct imaging - pupil stabilized
OC3	Direct imaging - field stabilized
OC4	DBI - Direct imaging - field stabilized
OC5	Coronagraphic imaging - GL - field stabilized
OC6	Coronagraphic imaging - GL - pupil stabilized
OC7	Coronagraphic imaging - FQPM - pupil stabilized
OC8	Coronagraphic imaging - SP1 - pupil stabilized
OC9	DBI - Coronagraphic imaging - SP1 - pupil stabilized
OC10	Coronagraphic imaging - SP2 - pupil stabilized
OC11	DBI - Coronagraphic imaging - SP2 - pupil stabilized
OC12	Coronagraphic imaging - SP3 - pupil stabilized
OC13	DBI - Coronagraphic imaging - SP3 - pupil stabilized
OC14	LSS (R~100) close companion
OC15	LSS (R~800) distant companion
OC16	LSS (R~100) distant companion
OC17	LSS (R~800) close companion

Note that technically and software-wise, there are no differences between (OC14 & OC16) and (OC15 & OC17), and therefore only OC14 and OC15 will be tested for Phase 3 nighttime commissioning.

In the table above, the acronyms mean the following:

DBI - Dual Band Imaging.
GL - Gaussian Lyot.
FQPM - Four Quadrant Phase Mask.
SP(1,2,3) - Shaped Pupil (symmetric, X, Y).
LSS - Long Slit Spectroscopy.

Naming structure of the commissioning activity

Each commissioning test/activity has a unified structure as follows:

Name of the commissioning activity
  - phase: states the phase of the commissioning (1/2/3/4)
  - status: reports the current status of the test description (draft, final, complete)
  - category: one of the categories mentioned above
  - recurrence: describes how frequently the test must be executed
  - duration: estimates the time required to complete the test (the duration mentioned here is valid only for commissioning)

Description
  - Contains a general description of the test

Prerequisites
  - Lists items that must be in place before the test begins

Procedure
  - Explains in detail how to execute the test

Templates
 - Mentions the templates to be used. If there are specific parameters, they are mentioned in brackets. For details on the templates mentioned, check AD9.

Success Criteria
  - Enumerates the outcome associated with successful completion of the test

Notes
  - Additional supporting information

LBTO Support
  - Mention if (and what) support is required from LBTO

Date performed and by whom
  - Mentions who performed the test and when

Commissioning Activity

In this section, all the commissioning activities are listed in chronological order. If you click on the individual activity, you can find more details. 8 hours is considered as the duration of a day or night. It is to be noted that the phases do not correspond to the commissioning visits to the LBT. The various commissioning runs with the list of activities to be performed (derived from this document) will be decided at a later point in time. Of course, depending on the month of the year, we will modify the actual number of days required for that specific commissioning run. From commissioning experience at the LBT, for the daytime activities at the telescope platform, the telescope may be handed over around 09:00 am local time. And, the SHARK-NIR team needs to hand over the telescope to LBT ~2 hours before the sunset (unless we have the first half of the night or full night and to be negotiated with the telescope operator). As a general rule, the SHARK-NIR team will be working also on the weekends when at the summit. Of course, if LBTO support is required, this will be communicated with the LBTO mountain manager well in advance. Note that the duration of the individual activities mentioned in this document will not match that of AD4 for the same activities.

Phase 1 (Pre-commissioning)

SHARK-NIR Location: LBT mountain bay and clean room. Some of the activities may run in parallel. All the activities are daytime. In the cleanroom, usually, there are no restrictions on daytime or nighttime activity.

Number	Activity Name	Day / Night	Duration (days)	Category	LBTO Support
P1.1	Inspection of the closed boxes	Day	0.5	C1	Crane operator (mountain bay) to lift and move stuff. 1-2 crew to support moving containers/boxes.
P1.2	Opening of boxes in LBT Hall, inspection of the contents and installation of units on their handlings	Day	1	C1	Crane operator (mountain bay) to lift and move stuff. 1-2 crew to support unpacking and moving.
P1.3	Installation of SHARK-NIR HW and electronics in clean room	Day	1.5	C1	Crane operator to lift and move stuff (mountain bay and/or cleanroom). 1-2 crew to support installation procedure (mountain bay and/or cleanroom). Access to the LBTO electronics cabinet where the motor rack of SHARK-NIR will be installed. Optical bench and access to the clean tent.
P1.4	Cable in the instrument, power on, install workstations, and connect to LBT network	Day	1	C1	IT support to install/set the workstations in the proper location, connect to the LBT network. LBTO SW support may be needed.
P1.5	SW checks and motors initializations	Day	1	C1	-
P1.6	Cryostat cool down	Day	0.5	C1	Liquid N2 refill is required in the cleanroom. Vacuum pump and support for cooling down the cryostat.
P1.7	Motor/light sources functional verification and filter artifacts/defects verification	Day	1.5	C1	Liquid N2 refill is required in the cleanroom.
P1.8	Internal alignment verification	Day	4	C1	Liquid N2 refill is required in the cleanroom.
P1.9	Internal tip-tilt loop verification	Day	1	C1	Liquid N2 refill is required in the cleanroom.
P1.10	NCPA routine verification	Day	1	C1	Liquid N2 refill is required in the cleanroom.
P1.11	Science detector calibrations	Day	1	C3 + C4	Liquid N2 refill is required in the cleanroom.
P1.12	Testing of SCICAM image grabbing by SOUL-AO	Day	2	C3	Liquid N2 refill is required in the cleanroom. LBTO SW support may be required.
Total	(1.5 days of) contingency (15%) included within		16

Phase 2 (Pre-commissioning)

SHARK-NIR Location: LBT platform. Some of the activities may run in parallel. All daytime activities.

Number	Activity Name	Day / Night	Duration (days)	Category	LBTO Support
P2.0A	Installation of SHARK-NIR on LBT platform	Day	2(preparation) + 2(lift-off) + 1(contingency)	C2	Crew members' support for the preparation, lift-off, and installation of SHARK-NIR. Crane operator (cleanroom, mountain bay, LBT platform). Safety officer. Working platform installed in front of the Gregorian focal-station SX. Hatch door SX on the UIAP platform removed. Support for the installation of electronics in the LBTO cabinet. Kindly check the installation document, AD3, for more details.
P2.0B	Installation of SHARK-NIR electronics on LBT platform	Day	2	C2	1-2 crew members' support for the preparation and installation of SHARK-NIR electronics. Safety officer. Kindly check the installation document, AD3, for more details.
P2.1	Basic functionality and shutdown procedure test, cryostat cooldown	Day	1	C3	Testing the working of the knob (motor or manual) controlling the cooldown. Liquid Nitrogen fill. Vacuum pump.
P2.2	Instrument operability and functioning	Day	2	C3	-
P2.3	TCS communication test	Day	2	C3	Authorize SHARK-NIR. Permission to SX ASM and LBTI AO. Permission to send preset, receiving LBT telemetry (inc. the derotator trajectory) and details for the Fitswriter. Support from the LBT SW team.
P2.4	SHARK-NIR alignment to the telescope	Day	3	C3	Working platform installed in front of the Gregorian focal-station SX, Argos swing arm and calibration source on SX side. Support from the LBTI team.
P2.5	SOUL AO system test	Day	5	C3 + C4	Authorize SHARK-NIR on SX side. Permission to use the Argos Swing Arm. If not the Argos swing arm, RR will be required on the SX side. AO support.
P2.6	NCPA measurements	Day	8	C3 + C4	Authorize SHARK-NIR on SX side. Permission to use the Argos Swing Arm. When not using the Argos swing arm and for different elevation angle tests, RR will be required on the SX side. AO support.
P2.7	Star center Fourier mode images	Day	2	C3	Authorize SHARK-NIR on SX side. Permission to use the Argos Swing Arm. When not using the Argos swing arm and for different elevation angle tests, RR will be required on the SX side. AO support.
P2.8	Checking pointing offset between SHARK-NIR and SOUL-AO	Day	1	C3 + C4	Authorize SHARK-NIR on the SX side. RR mounted on the SX side. AO support.
P2.9	Science detector calibrations (on the telescope)	Day	1	C3 + C4	-
P2.10	Cryostat warm up check	Day	2	C3	-
Total	(4 days of) contingency (15%) included within		34 days

Phase 3 (Commissioning)

SHARK-NIR Location: LBT platform. All nighttime activities. Some daytime support (within SHARK-NIR) is anticipated. Also, the SHARK-NIR software, SHINS, is expected to be almost ready to be tested.

Phase 3 is further divided into 5 runs. Run 1 consists of essential common activities essential for every observing case. This will be the first to be tested on-sky. Run 2-5 blocks represent the nighttime technical commissioning of a set of 17 observing cases. For each of the observing cases, only one target will be tested. The contrast obtained from the data will be used as the merit function or success criterion. If contrast is not an option, a similar (or another) merit function will be used. After the completion of each of these runs, SHARK-NIR will be ready for Phase 4 (science verification) of the respective observing cases.

It is important to note that Run 2-5 are interchangeable. It is currently sorted to have the software complexity in the increasing order and also considering the science interest. Note that "Run N" does not mean that it is the Nth visit to the observatory. For example, Run 1 can be completed in 1 or 2 visits to the observatory, depending on the allotted time. Note also that, for individual runs (2-5), the time taken for other basic activities (such as moving from one target to another, setting up the telescope, closing the AO loop, etc.) are not explicitly mentioned in the table. For example, we anticipate, it may take between 10-20 minutes to move and set the telescope and close the AO loop from one target to another (numbers from the LUCI overheads table). This extra duration required will be mostly covered within the 20% contingency and/or the rounding up of the total nights.

Every evening of the nighttime commissioning, all the required calibrations (including dark, bias, flat-field, etc. for all the filters required) will be taken using the SHARK-NIR calibration unit.

Seeing conditions definition:

good : <0.8"
medium: 0.8"-1.2"
bad: >1.2" - observable

Run 1

#	Activity Name / Observing Case	Day / Night	Duration (hours)	Seeing Conditions	Category	LBTO Support
P3.0	Large spatial scale instrument and telescope flat field	Twilight	2	Twilight	C5 + C6	-
P3.1	Telescope control – sending preset	Night	2	bad	C5	-
P3.2	Telescope control – telescope mode, offset, and focal plane geometry estimation	Night	2	medium / bad	C5	-
P3.3	SOUL-AO verification	Night	12	good / medium	C5 + C7	AO support
P3.4	Pupil alignment (for checking the pupil positon, and working of the script)	Night	2	bad	C5 + C6	AO support
P3.5	PSF Alignment	Night	3	good / medium	C5 + C6	AO support
P3.6	Verify the ADC rotation on sky	Night	4	medium / bad	C5	AO support
P3.7	Checking field-stabilized mode/bearing rotation service	Night	2	bad	C5	AO support
P3.8	Internal TT loop working and performance (in different magnitude and seeing conditions)	Night	8	good / medium	C5 + C7	AO support
P3.9	NCPA working and performance & checking for pupil shifts	Night	12	medium (up to 1")	C5 + C7	AO support
P3.10	Check the acquisition procedure	Night	2	medium	C5	AO support
P3.11	Sky background	Night	2	bad	C5 + C6	-
P3.12	Astrometry plate scale and orientation	Night	2	good / medium	C5 + C6	AO support
P3.13	Distortion map	Night	2	good / medium	C5 + C6	AO support
	Total duration with 20% contingency		8.55 nights
	Total duration rounded up		9 nights

Run 2

#	Activity Name / Observing Case	Day / Night	Duration (hours)	Seeing Conditions	Category	LBTO Support
OC1	Direct imaging - pupil stabilized	Night	2.25	medium / bad	C5 + C7	AO support
OC2	DBI - Direct imaging - pupil stabilized	Night	2.25	medium / bad	C5 + C7	AO support
OC3	Direct imaging - field stabilized	Night	2.25	medium / bad	C5 + C7	AO support
OC4	DBI - Direct imaging - field stabilized	Night	2.25	medium / bad	C5 + C7	AO support
	Total duration with 20% contingency		1.35 nights
	Total duration rounded up		2 nights

Phase 4 science verification of the observing cases (1-4) can start after Run 2.

Run 3

#	Activity Name / Observing Case	Day / Night	Duration (hours)	Seeing Conditions	Category	LBTO Support
Test	Test / Correction following previous Run #	Night	4	bad	C5
P3.4	Pupil alignment (for GL and FQPM)	Night	1	bad	C5 + C6	AO support
P3.5	PSF Alignment (for GL and FQPM)	Night	2	good / medium	C5 + C6	AO support
P3.14	Star center Fourier mode images	Night	8	good / medium	C5 + C6	AO support
P3.15	Flux calibration (off-centered target observation) (for GL and FQPM)	Night	2	good / medium	C5 + C6	AO support
P3.16	Instrumental throughput and absolute flux calibration (for a set of filters)	Night	2	bad	C5 + C6	AO support
OC5	Coronagraphic imaging - GL - field stabilized	Night	3	good / medium	C5 + C7	AO support
OC6	Coronagraphic imaging - GL - pupil stabilized	Night	3	good / medium	C5 + C7	AO support
OC7	Coronagraphic imaging - FQPM - pupil stabilized	Night	3	good / medium	C5 + C7	AO support
	Total duration with 20% contingency		4.2 nights
	Total duration rounded up		5 nights

Phase 4 science verification of the observing cases (5-6) can start after Run 3.

Run 4

#	Activity Name / Observing Case	Day / Night	Duration (hours)	Seeing Conditions	Category	LBTO Support
Test	Test / Correction following previous Run #	Night	4	bad	C5
P3.4	Pupil alignment (for SP-1, SP-2, SP-3)	Night	1	bad	C5 + C6	AO support
P3.5	PSF Alignment (for SP-1, SP-2, SP-3)	Night	2	good / medium	C5 + C6	AO support
P3.17	Orient the coronagraphs (orient apodizers)	Night	1	bad	C5 + C6	AO support
P3.15	Flux calibration (off-centered target observation) (for SP-1, SP-2, SP-3)	Night	2	good / medium	C5 + C6	AO support
OC8	Coronagraphic imaging - SP1 - pupil stabilized	Night	3	good / medium	C5 + C7	AO support
OC9	DBI - Coronagraphic imaging - SP1 - pupil stabilized	Night	3	good / medium	C5 + C7	AO support
OC10	Coronagraphic imaging - SP2 - pupil stabilized	Night	3	good / medium	C5 + C7	AO support
OC11	DBI - Coronagraphic imaging - SP2 - pupil stabilized	Night	3	good / medium	C5 + C7	AO support
OC12	Coronagraphic imaging - SP3 - pupil stabilized	Night	3	good / medium	C5 + C7	AO support
OC13	DBI - Coronagraphic imaging - SP3 - pupil stabilized	Night	3	good / medium	C5 + C7	AO support
	Total duration with 20% contingency		4.2 nights
	Total duration rounded up		5 nights

Phase 4 science verification of the observing cases (8-13) can start after Run 4.

Run 5

#	Activity Name / Observing Case	Day / Night	Duration (hours)	Seeing Conditions	Category	LBTO Support
Test	Test / Correction following previous Run #	Night	3	bad	C5
P3.5	PSF Alignment (for SLIT-1 and SLIT-2)	Night	2	good / medium	C5 + C6	AO support
P3.18	Center the slit	Night	8	medium / bad	C5	AO support
P3.19	Atmospheric calibration and absolute flux calibration	Night	2	good / medium	C5 + C6	AO support
OC14	LSS (R~100) companion (0.175"<distance<0.35")	Night	2.5	good / medium	C5 + C7	AO support
OC15	LSS (R~800) companion (distance > 0.35")	Night	2.5	good / medium	C5 + C7	AO support
	Total duration with 20% contingency		3 nights
	Total duration rounded up		3 nights

Phase 4 science verification of the observing cases (14-17) can start after Run 5.

Net Phase 3 Nights Requested = 24
When Phase 4 science verification completes, SHARK-NIR can be offered to the community under shared-risk!!!

Phase 4 (Science Verification / Early Science)

SHARK-NIR Location : LBT platform. All nighttime activities. Very little daytime support (within SHARK-NIR) is expected. SHINS is expected to be ready to be used without any changes required.