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SHARK-NIR Commissioning Plan (SHARK-NIR-INAFP-COM-001 Issue 0.6)

Issue Change Record

Issue No.	Date	Section Affected	Reasons / Remarks	Initials
0.1	02-Feb-2021	All	New document	KRA
0.2	24-Apr-2021	All	updates in Phase 3 and 4, change in duration	KRA
0.3	14-Jan-2022	All	Minor corrections and additions	KRA
0.4	28-Feb-2022	First page, Phase 1 (especially P1.3, P1.4, and P1.6)	LBTO Support is removed from the table. It can be seen inside individual activities. Minor modifications in accordance with RFA-78, RFA-79, RFA-88.	KRA
0.5	17-Mar-2022	P1.3 activity	Added a picture showing the space taken by the SHARK-NIR system in cleanroom (Padova)	KRA
0.6	21-Apr-2022	All	Re-arranging the Phase1, Phase 2, and Phase 3 in terms of actual runs to LBT. Also updating the activities according to latest information and experience	KRA

Applicable Documents

No.	Title	Number & Issue
AD1	SHARK-NIR Schedule	SHARK-NIR-INAFP-SCH-001 Issue 1.3
AD2	SHARK-NIR SHINS Interface Control Document	SHARK-NIR-INAFP-ICD-002 Issue 0.6
AD3	SHARK-NIR Installation Plan	SHARK-NIR-INAFP-MAN-001 Issue 2.1
AD4	SHARK-NIR Calibration Procedures	SHARK-NIR-INAFP-MAN-004 Issue 0.2
AD5	SHARK-NIR System Design Analysis	SHARK-NIR-INAFP-SDA-001 Issue 1.2
AD6	SHARK-NIR Cryostat Procedures	SHARK-NIR-SO-MAN-001 Issue 0.4 draft
AD7	SHARK-NIR Science Cases	SHARK-NIR-INAFP-SCI-001 Issue 0.1
AD8	SHARK-NIR Integration & Commissioning Schedule	SHARK-NIR-INAFP-SCH-002 Issue 1.0
AD9	Observing Blocks Template Manual	SHARK-NIR-INAFP-MAN-002 Issue 0.1 (not released yet)
AD10	Packing, Handling, Shipping and Transportation (PHS&T) Plan	SHARK-NIR-INAFP-PLN-002 Issue0.2
AD11	Handling equipment design description	SHARK-NIR-INAFP-DES-006 Issue0.2

Introduction

This commissioning planning document lays out and details the activities needed to bring SHARK-NIR online for single-eye shared-risk scientific exploitation (the binocular observations with SHARK-VIS or trinocular with SHARK-VIS & LBTI are out of the scope of this commissioning plan). The document incorporates activities starting from the unpacking of the boxes at the LBT mountain bay to the early science (or science verification) at its final destination on the LBT platform. Although called the commissioning document, it lists the pre-commissioning, commissioning, and science verification activities. The activities are classified into three phases.

Phase 1: We start by inspecting the boxes at LBT mountain bay, unpacking, and installing the instrument at the mountain lab (clean room) for alignment verification and functionality checks. All of these are daytime activities. This forms the content of the PSR-09 Preliminary Laboratory Integration & Test (I&T) Procedure (at LBT). [Pre-commissioning: Unpack, assemble, and clean-room verification]

Phase 2: The activities start from the installation of SHARK-NIR at the SX central bent Gregorian focus of LBT, followed by preliminary functional checks, aligning SHARK-NIR to the telescope (daytime), and daytime closed dome engineering/technical testing. All of these are daytime activities. [Pre-commissioning: Installation, functional checks, and closed-dome testing]

Phase 3: The nighttime commissioning commences, starting from sending preset to the telescope to testing individual SHARK-NIR observation cases for performance to the total SHARK-NIR performance. The final form of the SHARK-NIR software, observing blocks, data-reduction pipeline, etc., will be tested for all the observing cases of the instrument. All the activities are at nighttime. Very few daytime activities are anticipated. Science verification of a set of observing cases will be performed immediately after the completion of a set of essential nighttime activities. [Commissioning and Science Verification]

Observing Cases

Three observering modes of SHARK-NIR, namely direct imaging, coronagraphic imaging, long-slit spectroscopy, are classified into observing cases for the purpose of the commissioning. The observing cases are all the combinations of individual science observing possibilities using various coronagraphs and modes. We have 17 of them tabulated below.

#	Observing Case
OC1	Direct imaging - pupil stabilized
OC2	DBI - Direct imaging - pupil stabilized
OC3	Direct imaging - field stabilized
OC4	DBI - Direct imaging - field stabilized
OC5	Coronagraphic imaging - GL - field stabilized
OC6	Coronagraphic imaging - GL - pupil stabilized
OC7	Coronagraphic imaging - FQPM - pupil stabilized
OC8	Coronagraphic imaging - SP1 - pupil stabilized
OC9	DBI - Coronagraphic imaging - SP1 - pupil stabilized
OC10	Coronagraphic imaging - SP2 - pupil stabilized
OC11	DBI - Coronagraphic imaging - SP2 - pupil stabilized
OC12	Coronagraphic imaging - SP3 - pupil stabilized
OC13	DBI - Coronagraphic imaging - SP3 - pupil stabilized
OC14	LSS (R~100) close companion
OC15	LSS (R~800) distant companion
OC16	LSS (R~100) distant companion
OC17	LSS (R~800) close companion

Note that technically and software-wise, there are no differences between (OC14 & OC16) and (OC15 & OC17), and therefore only OC14 and OC15 will be tested for Phase 3 nighttime commissioning.

In the table above, the acronyms mean the following:

DBI - Dual Band Imaging.
GL - Gaussian Lyot.
FQPM - Four Quadrant Phase Mask.
SP(1,2,3) - Shaped Pupil (symmetric, X, Y).
LSS - Long Slit Spectroscopy.

Naming structure of the commissioning activity

Each commissioning test/activity has a unified structure as follows:

Name of the commissioning activity

phase: states the phase of the commissioning (1/2/3/4)
status: reports the current status of the test description (draft, final, complete)
category: one of the categories mentioned above
recurrence: describes how frequently the test must be executed
duration: estimates the time required to complete the test (the duration mentioned here is valid only for commissioning)

Description

Contains a general description of the test

Prerequisites

Lists items that must be in place before the test begins

Procedure

Explains in detail how to execute the test

Templates

Mentions the templates to be used. If there are specific parameters, they are mentioned in brackets. For details on the templates mentioned, check AD9.

Success Criteria

Enumerates the outcome associated with successful completion of the test

Notes

Additional supporting information

LBTO Support

Mention if (and what) support is required from LBTO

Date performed and by whom

Mentions who performed the test and when

Commissioning Activity

In this section, all the commissioning activities are listed in chronological order. If you click on the individual activity, you can find more details. 8 hours is considered as the duration of a day or night. Of course, depending on the month of the year, make sure to estimate the correct number of days/nights required at the LBT. Each table below corresponds to a trip to LBT.

From commissioning experience at the LBT, for the daytime activities at the telescope platform, the telescope may be handed over around 09:00 am local time. And, the SHARK-NIR team needs to hand over the telescope to LBT ~2 hours before the sunset (unless we have the first half of the night or full night and to be negotiated with the telescope operator). As a general rule, the SHARK-NIR team will be working also on the weekends when at the summit. Of course, if LBTO support is required, this will be communicated with the LBTO mountain manager well in advance. Note that the duration of the individual activities mentioned in this document will not match that of AD4 for the same activities.

Phase 1 (Pre-commissioning)

SHARK-NIR Location: LBT mountain bay and clean room. Some of the activities may run in parallel. All the activities are daytime. In the cleanroom, usually, there are no restrictions on daytime or nighttime activity.

Pre-Com-Run-1

Number	Activity Name	Duration (days)	Category	Note
P1.1	Inspection of the closed boxes	0.5	C1
P1.2	Opening of boxes in LBT Hall, inspection of the contents and installation of units on their handlings	1	C1
P1.3	Installation of SHARK-NIR HW and electronics in clean room	1.5	C1
P1.4	Cable in the instrument, power on, install workstations, connect to LBT network, and prepare for cryostat cooldown	1	C1
P1.5	SW & HW functional checks and cryostat cooldown	1	C1
P1.6	SCICAM refocussing	1.5	C1
P1.7	Science detector calibrations	0.5	C3 + C4	P1.5 should be completed.
P1.8	Motor/light sources functional verification, filter artifacts/defects verification, and NCPA & internal tip-tilt loop verification	1.5	C1	P1.7 should be completed.
P1.9	Testing of SCICAM image grabbing by SOUL-AO	0.5	C3
P1.10	Internal alignment verification	1	C1
P1.11	Instrument re-alignment	1 - 6	C1	The duration of this activity, if needed, can be between 1 day to a maximum of 6 days.
P1.12	Verification of the contrast for coronagraphic masks	1	C1	P1.10 (and if needed P1.11) should be completed.
	Total without contingency (if re-alignment is not required)	11 days
	Total with 10% contingency (if re-alignment is not required)	12 days
	Total without contingency (if re-alignment is required)	12-17 days
	Total with 10% contingency (if re-alignment is required)	13-18.5 days

Phase 2 (Pre-commissioning)

SHARK-NIR Location: LBT platform. Some of the activities may run in parallel. All activities are daytime.

Pre-Com-Run-2

Number	Activity Name	Duration (days)	Category	Note
P2.0A	Installation of SHARK-NIR on LBT platform	6	C2
P2.0B	Installation of SHARK-NIR electronics on LBT platform	2	C2
P2.1	Basic functionality and shutdown procedure test, cryostat cooldown	1	C3
P2.2	Instrument operability and functioning	1	C3
P2.3	TCS communication test	2	C3	Although 2 days of work is required, a lot cango in parallel with other ones. For the estimation of total days, we consider 1 day.
P2.4	SHARK-NIR alignment to the telescope	3	C3
	Total without contingency	14 days
	Total with 10% contingency	15.5 days

Pre-Com-Run-3

Number	Activity Name	Duration (days)	Category	Note
P2.5	Cryostat Cooldown and Science detector calibrations	1	C3 + C4
P2.6	SHARK-NIR system level characterization at different telescope elevations	6	C3 + C4	Checking pointing offset between SHARK-NIR, LBTI, and SOUL-AO, SOUL-AO tests, and NCPA measurements.
P2.7	Star center Fourier mode images	0.5	C3
P2.8	Verification of the mask centering algorithm and final contrast with SOUL-AO and turbulence at ASM	3	C3 + C4
	Total without contingency	10.5 days
	Total with 10% contingency	11.5 days

Phase 3 (Commissioning & Science Verification)

SHARK-NIR Location: LBT platform. All activities are nightime. Some daytime support (within SHARK-NIR) may be required. Also, the SHARK-NIR software, SHINS, is expected to be almost ready to be tested.

Phase 3 is further divided into 5 runs. Run 1 consists of essential common activities essential for every observing case. This will be the first to be tested on-sky. Run 2-5 blocks represent the nighttime technical commissioning of a set of 17 observing cases. For each of the observing cases, only one target will be tested. The contrast obtained from the data will be used as the merit function or success criterion. If contrast is not an option, a similar (or another) merit function will be used. After the completion of each of these runs, SHARK-NIR will be ready for Phase 4 (science verification) of the respective observing cases.

It is important to note that Run 2-5 are interchangeable. It is currently sorted to have the software complexity in the increasing order and also considering the science interest. Note that "Run N" does not mean that it is the Nth visit to the observatory. For example, Run 1 can be completed in 1 or 2 visits to the observatory, depending on the allotted time. Note also that, for individual runs (2-5), the time taken for other basic activities (such as moving from one target to another, setting up the telescope, closing the AO loop, etc.) are not explicitly mentioned in the table. For example, we anticipate, it may take between 10-20 minutes to move and set the telescope and close the AO loop from one target to another (numbers from the LUCI overheads table). This extra duration required will be mostly covered within the 20% contingency and/or the rounding up of the total nights.

Every evening of the nighttime commissioning, all the required calibrations (including dark, bias, flat-field, etc. for all the filters required) will be taken using the SHARK-NIR calibration unit.

Seeing conditions definition:

good : <0.8"
medium: 0.8"-1.2"
bad: >1.2" - observable

Run 1

#	Activity Name / Observing Case	Day / Night	Duration (hours)	Seeing Conditions	Category
P3.0	Large spatial scale instrument and telescope flat field	Twilight	2	Twilight	C5 + C6
P3.1	Telescope control – sending preset	Night	2	bad	C5
P3.2	Telescope control – telescope mode, offset, and focal plane geometry estimation	Night	2	medium / bad	C5
P3.3	SOUL-AO verification	Night	12	good / medium	C5 + C7
P3.4	Pupil alignment (for checking the pupil positon, and working of the script)	Night	2	bad	C5 + C6
P3.5	PSF Alignment	Night	3	good / medium	C5 + C6
P3.6	Verify the ADC rotation on sky	Night	4	medium / bad	C5
P3.7	Checking field-stabilized mode/bearing rotation service	Night	2	bad	C5
P3.8	Internal TT loop working and performance (in different magnitude and seeing conditions)	Night	8	good / medium	C5 + C7
P3.9	NCPA working and performance & checking for pupil shifts	Night	12	medium (up to 1")	C5 + C7
P3.10	Check the acquisition procedure	Night	2	medium	C5
P3.11	Sky background	Night	2	bad	C5 + C6
P3.12	Astrometry plate scale and orientation	Night	2	good / medium	C5 + C6
P3.13	Distortion map	Night	2	good / medium	C5 + C6
	Total duration with 20% contingency		8.55 nights
	Total duration rounded up		9 nights

Run 2

#	Activity Name / Observing Case	Day / Night	Duration (hours)	Seeing Conditions	Category
OC1	Direct imaging - pupil stabilized	Night	2.25	medium / bad	C5 + C7
OC2	DBI - Direct imaging - pupil stabilized	Night	2.25	medium / bad	C5 + C7
OC3	Direct imaging - field stabilized	Night	2.25	medium / bad	C5 + C7
OC4	DBI - Direct imaging - field stabilized	Night	2.25	medium / bad	C5 + C7
	Total duration with 20% contingency		1.35 nights
	Total duration rounded up		2 nights

Phase 4 science verification of the observing cases (1-4) can start after Run 2.

Run 3

#	Activity Name / Observing Case	Day / Night	Duration (hours)	Seeing Conditions	Category
Test	Test / Correction following previous Run #	Night	4	bad	C5
P3.4	Pupil alignment (for GL and FQPM)	Night	1	bad	C5 + C6
P3.5	PSF Alignment (for GL and FQPM)	Night	2	good / medium	C5 + C6
P3.14	Star center Fourier mode images	Night	8	good / medium	C5 + C6
P3.15	Flux calibration (off-centered target observation) (for GL and FQPM)	Night	2	good / medium	C5 + C6
P3.16	Instrumental throughput and absolute flux calibration (for a set of filters)	Night	2	bad	C5 + C6
OC5	Coronagraphic imaging - GL - field stabilized	Night	3	good / medium	C5 + C7
OC6	Coronagraphic imaging - GL - pupil stabilized	Night	3	good / medium	C5 + C7
OC7	Coronagraphic imaging - FQPM - pupil stabilized	Night	3	good / medium	C5 + C7
	Total duration with 20% contingency		4.2 nights
	Total duration rounded up		5 nights

Phase 4 science verification of the observing cases (5-6) can start after Run 3.

Run 4

#	Activity Name / Observing Case	Day / Night	Duration (hours)	Seeing Conditions	Category
Test	Test / Correction following previous Run #	Night	4	bad	C5
P3.4	Pupil alignment (for SP-1, SP-2, SP-3)	Night	1	bad	C5 + C6
P3.5	PSF Alignment (for SP-1, SP-2, SP-3)	Night	2	good / medium	C5 + C6
P3.17	Orient the coronagraphs (orient apodizers)	Night	1	bad	C5 + C6
P3.15	Flux calibration (off-centered target observation) (for SP-1, SP-2, SP-3)	Night	2	good / medium	C5 + C6
OC8	Coronagraphic imaging - SP1 - pupil stabilized	Night	3	good / medium	C5 + C7
OC9	DBI - Coronagraphic imaging - SP1 - pupil stabilized	Night	3	good / medium	C5 + C7
OC10	Coronagraphic imaging - SP2 - pupil stabilized	Night	3	good / medium	C5 + C7
OC11	DBI - Coronagraphic imaging - SP2 - pupil stabilized	Night	3	good / medium	C5 + C7
OC12	Coronagraphic imaging - SP3 - pupil stabilized	Night	3	good / medium	C5 + C7
OC13	DBI - Coronagraphic imaging - SP3 - pupil stabilized	Night	3	good / medium	C5 + C7
	Total duration with 20% contingency		4.2 nights
	Total duration rounded up		5 nights

Phase 4 science verification of the observing cases (8-13) can start after Run 4.

Run 5

#	Activity Name / Observing Case	Day / Night	Duration (hours)	Seeing Conditions	Category
Test	Test / Correction following previous Run #	Night	3	bad	C5
P3.5	PSF Alignment (for SLIT-1 and SLIT-2)	Night	2	good / medium	C5 + C6
P3.18	Center the slit	Night	8	medium / bad	C5
P3.19	Atmospheric calibration and absolute flux calibration	Night	2	good / medium	C5 + C6
OC14	LSS (R~100) companion (0.175"<distance<0.35")	Night	2.5	good / medium	C5 + C7
OC15	LSS (R~800) companion (distance > 0.35")	Night	2.5	good / medium	C5 + C7
	Total duration with 20% contingency		3 nights
	Total duration rounded up		3 nights

Phase 4 science verification of the observing cases (14-17) can start after Run 5.

Net Phase 3 Nights Requested = 24
When Phase 4 science verification completes, SHARK-NIR can be offered to the community under shared-risk!!!

Phase 4 (Science Verification / Early Science)

SHARK-NIR Location : LBT platform. All nighttime activities. Very little daytime support (within SHARK-NIR) is expected. SHINS is expected to be ready to be used without any changes required.